They are bolts that thread into tapped (female) circular plates. Except for the one that is a forked-up big screw that bonds to air.On the one goofball....drill through the whole mess and use a stainless bolt, big flat washer, and locknut.On the rest if the threads are good....use 3/8ths inch longer bolts, and locknuts to cinch down against the existing plates.
"Top hats" sounds good. Thick, circular, tapped flat washers. Got the job done... quality production.
drill through the whole mess and use a stainless bolt, big flat washer, and locknut.